Henry's original head was cut out of the painting and replaced at some point after the work's creation. The Lancastrians triumphed under the leadership of a 28-year-old exile named Henry Tudor. In other cases, he brought his over-powerful subjects to heel by decree. Henry VIII, (born June 28, 1491, Greenwich, near London, Englanddied January 28, 1547, London), king of England (1509-47) who presided over the beginnings of the English Renaissance and the English Reformation. Henry VII: Winter King (TV Movie 2013) - IMDb Henry marries Catherine of Aragon. $14.97 1 Used from $14.96 3 New from $14.97. Henry VII was also shown, but his black line just traced back to Owen Tudor, a chamber servant. I would read more by this author. [citation needed] Nonetheless, by 1483 Henry was the senior male Lancastrian claimant remaining after the deaths in battle, by murder or execution of Henry VI (son of Henry V and Catherine of Valois), his son Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, and the other Beaufort line of descent through Lady Margaret's uncle, Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset. To be notified of special offers, news, new courses, and new tutors, please subscribe to our newsletter. But now, sensitivity readers are pushing back . He was probably baptised at St Mary's Church, Pembroke,[1] though no documentation of the event exists. Thank you for subscribing. There were some sections I had to skim because I didn't feel they were relevant to the storyline, but mostly I was hooked into this very complex King. Indeed he was born in winter, on January 28th 1457, in Pembroke Castle, in Wales and that is one of the reasons why the Welsh dragon always formed part of his insignia. It is not known precisely where Cabot landed, but he was eventually rewarded with a pension from the king; it is presumed that Cabot perished at sea after a later unsuccessful expedition. (ROYAL HISTORY) Directors Stuart Elliott Genres Documentary, International Subtitles English [CC] Audio languages English. But Henry had a crucial asset: his queen and their children, the living embodiment of his hoped-for dynasty. For him, it was never about glory and battle. Henry then consolidated his reign with magnificent architecture, an opulent household and money. Elizabeth had died in childbirth, so Henry had the dispensation also permit him to marry Catherine himself. Scapegoats were needed for Henry VIIs reign, people to blame for the old regime, so Edmund Dudley was imprisoned and executed on trumped up charges. That was to prevent the King of France capturing him and letting him loose on the English as a rival. [55] Since alum was mined in only one area in Europe (Tolfa, Italy), it was a scarce commodity and therefore especially valuable to its land holder, the Pope. Penn is not one to understate a case. Henry's mother, Margaret Beaufort, was a descendant of the Lancastrian branch of the House of Plantagenet. When he died, his only surviving son, Henry VIII, succeeded him without a breath of opposition. Fittingly he dressed in expensive black. The last few years of his reign were ones of repression. Henry had only been accepted as King because the Princes in the Tower, the sons of Edward IV, were dead, so when Yorkist exiles groomed Perkin Warbeck to pose as one of the princes and raised an army it was a huge threat. Herbert was captured fighting for the Yorkists and executed by Warwick. After winning the throne of England, he wed Elizabeth of York, the eldest daughter of the dead Yorkist king Edward IV. Luther made a protest against the Catholic practice of Indulgences. Henry responded to this threat by embedding spies into households. One of their sons was Edmund, Henry's father. This was excellent. With the assistance of the Italian merchant banker Lodovico della Fava and the Italian banker Girolamo Frescobaldi, Henry VII became deeply involved in the trade by licensing ships, obtaining alum from the Ottoman Empire, and selling it to the Low Countries and in England. ), The Reign of Henry VII. Quite ambitious in nature, Thomas Penn attempts to write a portrait of Henry VII and his reign. They overrode all the usual legal processed and acted with complete impunity. One of the councils prominent members was Edmund Dudley, a man who helped Henry by enforcing the Kings legal rights, finding old laws to use against people and stretching the law to its limits. This definitely was not that. Edmund was created Earl of Richmond in 1452, and "formally declared legitimate by Parliament". He had brought the country to the brink of dynastic ambition, but not quite, so his closest advisers kept his death secret until St Georges Day, the annual meeting of the Order of the Garter. Henry spared Richard's nephew and designated heir, John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln, and made the Yorkist heiress Margaret Plantagenet Countess of Salisbury suo jure. While there, he feigned stomach cramps and delayed his departure long enough to miss the tides. [50] Henry had pressured the French by laying siege to Boulogne in October 1492. Categories: Monarchy, NewsTags: birth of Tudor dynasty, Henry Tudor, Henry VII, Thomas Penn, Tudor dynasty, Winter King, Copyright 2023 The Anne Boleyn Files On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. They were unpaid, which, in comparison with modern standards, meant a smaller tax bill for law enforcement. [46] In 1506 he resumed the construction of King's College Chapel, Cambridge, started under Henry VI, guaranteeing finances which would continue even after his death. Serious disputes involving the use of personal power, or threats to royal authority, were thus dealt with. Dydd Gyl Dewi Hapus! He was a ruler to be feared, a ruler to be paid. His bouts of grave illness brought the question repeatedly to the fore. 7.1 59min 2013 16+. Henry VII (28 January 1457 - 21 April 1509) was King of England from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death in 1509. Overspending by Henry VIII to pay for his lavish lifestyle and to fund foreign wars with France and Scotland are cited as . His spies and informers were everywhere. Henry himself was clearly a distant figure who governed through his ministers, but this means that it's quite hard to get much of a sense of his character from the few sources available. Gaunt's nephew Richard II legitimised Gaunt's children by Swynford by Letters Patent in 1397. Next month find out more on someone known as The Winter Queen! [citation needed], To secure his hold on the throne, Henry declared himself king by right of conquest retroactively from 21 August 1485, the day before Bosworth Field. Based on the terms of the accord, Henry sent 6000 troops to fight (at the expense of Brittany) under the command of Lord Daubeney. England had been ravaged for decades by conspiracy, violence, murders, coups and countercoups. In 1494, Henry embargoed trade (mainly in wool) with the Burgundian Netherlands in retaliation for Margaret of Burgundy's support for Perkin Warbeck. During Henry's early years, his uncle Henry VI was fighting against Edward IV, a member of the Yorkist Plantagenet branch. Get help and learn more about the design. Pembroke Castle, and later the Earldom of Pembroke, were granted to the Yorkist William Herbert, who also assumed the guardianship of Margaret Beaufort and the young Henry. For instance, except for the first few months of the reign, the Baron Dynham and the Earl of Surrey were the only Lord High Treasurers throughout his reign. He attained the throne when his forces, supported by France, Scotland, and Wales, defeated Edward IV's brother Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field, the culmination of the Wars of the Roses. But that's not really what I wanted from a book about Henry VII. Henry VII - History Learning Site The King, normally a reserved man who rarely showed much emotion in public unless angry, surprised his courtiers by his intense grief and sobbing at his son's death, while his concern for the Queen is evidence that the marriage was a happy one, as is his reaction to Queen Elizabeth's death the following year, when he shut himself away for several days, refusing to speak to anyone. (HIST003) Persecutions, Populations and Politics: Early Modern Britain 1550-1750, (HIST004) Country, Colonies and Culture: Early Modern Britain 1550-1750, (HIST006) The Stuart Court: History Politics and Culture, (HIST010) The Tudors: History, Culture and Religion, (HIST011) The English Country House: History, Architecture and Landscape, (HIST018) The Changing English Countryside, 20th Century Musicals: A Celebration of Song and Dance on the Silver Screen and the Stage. Shakespeare, drawn to the colour on either side of the reign, skipped it. In the late 20th century a model of European state formation was prominent in which Henry less resembles Louis and Ferdinand. The 17 year-old Prince Henry became King Henry VIII and started a different era. Four different kinds of cryptocurrencies you should know. Henry VII. The Winter King HD - YouTube When the Lancastrian cause crashed to disaster at the Battle of Tewkesbury (May 1471), Jasper took the boy out of the country and sought refuge in the duchy of Brittany. His claim to the throne was tenuous and permanently contested. He took care not to address the baronage or summon Parliament until after his coronation, which took place in Westminster Abbey on 30 October 1485. There he claimed sanctuary until the envoys were forced to depart. Iain Hollingshead reviews Henry VII: Winter King, a BBC Two documentary which examines how the first Tudor monarch came to power and went on to have a 23-year reign. Stanleys betrayal led to a complete security overhaul and his privy chamber going into lockdown. Penn showed a genealogical roll that had belonged to the de la Pole family which showed Henry VI being the end of the Lancastrian line and the Yorkist line continuing on to Richard III. Why did the nobility accept the curtailment of the military power it had wielded in the wars of the roses and swallow the elevation of upstarts at Henry's court? Henry VII: The Winter King. In my never-ending quest to read possibly every single published book on the Tudor monarchy, I spied this little gem a few weeks ago and picked it up. Henry VII The Winter King is also the title of a book by Thomas Penn, and a useful read. While most of us are familiar with Henry VIII and Elizabeth I and we probably have a sense of the Wars of the Roses in England, but how many of us are familiar with Henry VII. Henry VII, also called (145785) Henry Tudor, earl of Richmond, (born January 28, 1457, Pembroke Castle, Pembrokeshire, Walesdied April 21, 1509, Richmond, Surrey, England), king of England (14851509), who succeeded in ending the Wars of the Roses between the houses of Lancaster and York and founded the Tudor dynasty . If you missed the programme then here is the YouTube video for you enjoy! Elizabeth of York was Queen consort of England as spouse of King Henry VII from 1486 until her death on February 11th, 1503. I really enjoyed it. [48], Henry later concluded a treaty with France at Etaples that brought money into the coffers of England, and ensured the French would not support pretenders to the English throne, such as Perkin Warbeck. He created the sovereign coin to spread the message that he was King. I am glad to say that I think it does, for it concentrates on the reign, and court, of Henry VII, giving a different slant to the well known story. Henry VII, grown rich from Morton's Fork and other squeezes, was far from a bumpkin trying to break into the royal circles of western Europe--he was being courted, and he knew very well to play Castile (Hapsburg) and Aragon off against one another after Isabella died (and Catherine might very well have been packed off home to marry someone else, it was common). She was a great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (fourth son of Edward III), and his third wife Katherine Swynford. Early life With Elizabeth's death, the possibilities for such family indulgences greatly diminished. Yet in the hands of a narrator as accomplished as Penn, the reign acquires its own, troubling fascination. Henry VII introduced stability to the financial administration of England by keeping the same financial advisors throughout his reign. [74] Margaret Tudor wrote letters to her father declaring her homesickness, but Henry could do nothing but mourn the loss of his family and honour the terms of the peace treaty he had agreed to with the King of Scotland. After the Holy Roman Emperor . Unfortunately, since all I really wanted to know about was learning about Henry the 7th and his family as people - the things that happened to them, what kind of people they were, etc. For Henry VII, it was all about the money and stability. [2] His father died three months before his birth. The father's government was an exercise in discoloration. Henry's father, Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond, a half-brother of Henry VI of England and a member of the Welsh Tudors of Penmynydd, died three months before his son Henry was born. He died shortly afterwards in Carmarthen Castle. Wolf Hall this is not. In 1485, history was about to be changed for ever by a man who was a refugee, a fugitive whod spent half his life on the run and with barely a claim to the throne: Henry Tudor. Shakespeare later turned to Henry's son and successor Henry VIII, whose rule brought marital sensation, renaissance spectacle and the reformation. I had an idea Henry VII was a force for stability; in fact he was a terrifying kleptocrat, abusing the law with arbitrary fines and imprisonment, scheming to effectively steal entire estates and wring every penny out of subjects as well as impose political control through financial means. [citation needed], Henry honoured his pledge of December 1483 to marry Elizabeth of York and the wedding took place in 1486 at Westminster Abbey. His father, Henry VII, was a cold, calculating man (he wasn't called "the Winter King" for nothing), a greedy monarch who during his last years on the throne had squeezed every last drop. [76] He was succeeded by his second son, Henry VIII (reigned 150947), who would initiate the Protestant Reformation in England. During his 23-year reign, Henry had only two Lord High Treasurers, and this continuity helped provide stability. If he trusted anyone, it would be his queen and why not, since both had so much in common both being familiar with being in sanctuary, and pawns in the game of power? Henry VIII, (born June 28, 1491, Greenwich, near London, Englanddied January 28, 1547, London), king of England (1509-47) who presided over the beginnings of the English Renaissance and the English Reformation. It was presented by historian Thomas Penn, author of Winter King and was an excellent examination of the King who, as Penn pointed out, tend to be eclipsed by Richard III, the glamour and notoriety of Henry VIII and the charisma of Elizabeth I. I have to admit to being a history geek. However, this treaty came at a price, as Henry mounted a minor invasion of Brittany in November 1492. Henry, recognizing that Simnel had been a mere dupe, employed him in the royal kitchens. [citation needed], After 1503, records show the Tower of London was never again used as a royal residence by Henry VII, and all royal births under Henry VIII took place in palaces. Today is Shrove Tuesday time for pancakes! It was propaganda to spread the message that he was the rightful King. Life at court was merry under Henry 8th, a fresh new beginning likened to springtime. He made huge gobs of money binding his subjects to him with loyalty bonds. [41] Henry also increased wealth by acquiring land through the act of resumption of 1486 which had been delayed as he focused on defence of the Church, his person and his realm. The insurrections fronted by the pretenders Lambert Simnel and Perkin Warbeck emerged from wide and formidable networks of conspiracy that drew in foreign rulers and leading English magnates, and infiltrated Henry's court. It was no easy feat. When Richard III became King, Henrys strategy, planned by Margaret Beaufort, the mother whom he had not seen for years, was to declare in public, in Brittanys Rennes Cathedral, that he would marry Edward IVs daughter Elizabeth, then in sanctuary with her mother, and thus bury the enmity between Lancaster and York by making her his queen. No. Henry VII (28 January 1457 21 April 1509) was King of England from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death in 1509.